近日，總部位于日內瓦的聯合國貿易和發展會議（貿發會議）發布了2018年的世界投資報告。報告顯示，2017年中國已成為全球第二大外資流入國和第三大對外投資國，并繼續成為發展中國家中最大的外資流入國和對外投資國！

一身國際范兒的你，怎能錯過這份高大上的聯合國報告？快來和商務微新聞一起，輕松看懂原汁原味的英文《2018世界投資報告》！

全球外國直接投資為1.43萬億美元

與2017年全球經濟和貿易加速增長形成鮮明對比的是，去年全球外國直接投資（FDI）比2016年下降23%，至1.43萬億美元。

Global foreign direct investment (FDI) flows fell by 23 per cent to $1.43 trillion. This is in stark contrast to the accelerated growth in GDP and trade.

具體來看，受大型并購及企業重組減少的影響，2017年流入發達國家的FDI為7129億美元，相較2016年下降37%。其中，美國FDI流入量下降40%，至2750億美元，但仍是全球最大的外資流入國。

Flows to developed economies dropped by more than one-third, to $712 billion. The fall can be explained in large part by a decline from high inflows in the preceding year caused by cross-border M&As and corporate reconfigurations. A significant reduction in the value of such transactions resulted in a decline of 40 per cent in flows in the United States to $275 billion.

去年，流入發展中經濟體的FDI保持平穩，總額為6710億美元。發展中國家在全球FDI流動中的比重由2016年的36%上升至47%。其中，亞洲發展中經濟體整體表現亮眼，吸收外資4760億美元，成為全球吸引外資最多的地區。

FDI inflows to developing economies remained close to their 2016 level, at $671 billion. Developing economies accounted for a growing share of global FDI inflows in 2017, absorbing 47 per cent of the total, compared with 36 per cent in 2016.  Flows to developing Asia remained stable, at $476 billion. The region regained its position as the largest FDI recipient in the world.

報告認為，全球投資回報率下降、國際生產擴張速度放緩以及全球價值鏈擴張趨于停滯是2017年全球跨國投資低迷的主要原因。

A decrease in rates of return is a contributor to the investment downturn. International production and growth in global value chains (GVCs) are slowing down. The slowdown shows clear correlation with the FDI trend and confirms the impact of FDI on global trade patterns.

中國成為全球第二大外資流入國

2017年，中國吸收外資1360億美元，成為全球第二大外資流入國。近來中國宣布一系列投資便利化以及招商引資的措施，在此推動下未來流入中國的FDI有望繼續保持在高位水平。

The United States remained the largest recipient of FDI, attracting $275 billion in inflows, followed by China, with record inflows of $136 billion. Inflows to China could see continued growth, as a result of recently announced plans to facilitate and attract foreign investment.

2018年全球國際投資有望出現增長，但增長勢頭將十分脆弱。雖然有全球經濟增長向好等諸多利好因素，但全球投資仍可能受到地緣政治風險、貿易關系緊張和美國稅改等因素的沖擊。

Projections for global FDI in 2018 show fragile growth. Higher economic growth projections, trade volumes and commodity prices would normally point to a larger potential increase in global FDI in 2018. However, risks are significant, and policy uncertainty abounds. Escalation and broadening of trade tensions could negatively affect investment in global value chains (GVCs). In addition, tax reforms in the United States and greater tax competition are likely to significantly affect global investment patterns.

來源：聯合國貿易和發展會議、新華社