作為外貿(mào)業(yè)務(wù)員，至少需要對(duì)外國(guó)進(jìn)口商公司的管理機(jī)構(gòu)有個(gè)大概的了解，只有這樣，你才能更好的和客戶溝通，能理解為啥客戶不能立刻答復(fù)你，你有客戶也是有上級(jí)的。

外貿(mào)業(yè)務(wù)員應(yīng)該知道這些才能更好地理解你的客戶并建立持久關(guān)系

其中有些單詞，句子，表達(dá)方式值得我們記住！

The people who run a company are known as the management. The management is made up of individual managers, 

經(jīng)營(yíng)公司的人被稱為管理層。 管理層由幾個(gè)經(jīng)理組成，

The manager are usually appointed to their posts ( or positions) by the board of directors. The board is the collective name for directors.

經(jīng)理的職位是通常由董事會(huì)任命的。 董事會(huì)是董事的集體名稱。

If a manager is appointed to a higher position (post) in the firm. he is promoted (he is given promotion). When someone is promoted he usually receives a pay rise.

如果一個(gè)經(jīng)理在公司被任命到一個(gè)更高的職位（職位）。 他被晉升（他被提拔）。 當(dāng)有人被提升時(shí)，他通常會(huì)收到加薪。

The men who actually produce the goods in the assembly plant ( or factory) are know as the workers ( or labour force). The men working on the shop floor in the factory operate the machinery ( or equipment). 

在裝配廠（或工廠）實(shí)際生產(chǎn)貨物的人被稱為工人（或勞動(dòng)力）。 在工廠車間工作的人操作機(jī)器（或設(shè)備）。

Workers who have specialized skills or who are trained to operate sophisticated equipment are called skilled workers, 

具有專業(yè)技能或經(jīng)過訓(xùn)練有能力操作精密設(shè)備的工人稱為熟練技術(shù)工人。

If the company needs to increase its labour force, it tries to recruit new workers to work on the shop floor. They might undertake a recruitment programme and they will hire workers who apply for jobs. 

如果公司需要增加其勞動(dòng)力，它試圖招聘新工人在車間工作。 他們可能進(jìn)行招聘計(jì)劃，他們將雇用申請(qǐng)?jiān)摴ぷ鞯墓と恕?/span>

The workers are normally paid wages for working a certain number of hours each week. Wages are paid weekly (a manager's salary is normally paid monthly). 

工人通常是按每周工作的一定時(shí)數(shù)支付工資。 工資每周支付（經(jīng)理的工資通常每月支付）。

If a works more than his required number of hours, he works overtime, and he is paid at overtime rates which are higher than the normal rates of pay. 

如果工作時(shí)間超過他所要求的工作時(shí)間，他是在加班，他的加班工資高于正常工資。

Some factories operate a shift system. The men work 8-hours shifts throughout the 24 hours so that the assembly plant operates all the time.

一些工廠實(shí)行倒班制。 這些人在24小時(shí)內(nèi)倒班工作8小時(shí)，使裝配廠一直運(yùn)行。

Most of the workers belong to a trade union, The union represents the men and negotiates ( enters into negotations) with the management on their behalf. 

大多數(shù)工人屬于工會(huì)。工會(huì)代表工人，代表工人與管理層進(jìn)行談判（進(jìn)入談判）。

If there is a labour problem or industrial unrest. they union shop steward might enter into negotiations with the management on behalf of the men. 

如果有勞動(dòng)問題或工潮。 他們工會(huì)管理人員可能代表工人與管理層進(jìn)行談判。

Industrial unrest is frequently about pay or working conditions. They union might negotate a pay rise or a bonus payment for increased productivity, for example. Firms often also give a bonus at Christmas.

工潮常常涉及工資或工作條件。 例如，他們的工會(huì)可能為了提高生產(chǎn)力而談判加薪或獎(jiǎng)金。 公司通常也在圣誕節(jié)給予獎(jiǎng)金。

If someone wants to leave his job he must give notice. Workers normally give at least a week's notice. manager usually work one or three months' notice. 

如果有人想離開他的工作，他必須給予通知。 工人通常至少給予一個(gè)星期的通知。 經(jīng)理通常工作一個(gè)或三個(gè)月的通知。

If someone leaves work for good because he is old. he retires. someone who retires (go into retirement) after working for a firm for a long time is normally given a pension, This pension is a regular payment for him to live on in his retirement.

如果有人離開工作，因?yàn)樗抢狭恕?他退休。 在長(zhǎng)期為公司工作后退休（退休）的人通常領(lǐng)取養(yǎng)老金。這種養(yǎng)老金是他在退休時(shí)定期支付的。